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- $Unique_ID{BRK01278}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Smoking and the Possibilities of Lung Cancer}
- $Subject{lungs smoking cancer community social respiratory system smoke
- cigarette coughing shortness breath chest pain cough blood tumor lump lumps
- cancerous metastasis anticancer drugs chemotherapy lung bronchi bronchioles
- bronchial pulmonary cancers smokes smoker smokers carcinoma }
- $Volume{Q-5, H-5}
- $Log{
- The Effects of Smoking*0007301.scf}
-
- Copyright (c) 1991-92,1993 Tribune Media Services, Inc.
-
-
- Smoking and the Possibilities of Lung Cancer
-
-
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- QUESTION: Your column and its many warnings about the dangers of smoking have
- finally gotten to me. I am still worried about the possibilities of lung
- cancer, however and would appreciate a better understanding of the disease and
- its treatment. Would you please oblige?
-
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- ANSWER: Congratulations, you've taken the single best step in preventing lung
- cancer.
- Lung cancer is among the leading causes of cancer death in the United
- States for both men and women, and cigarette smoking is by far the most common
- cause. Unfortunately, lung cancer usually remains undetected until a patient
- develops symptoms, and by that time it is pretty well advanced.
- Symptoms of lung cancer include coughing (the most common one), shortness
- of breath, dull chest pain, and coughing up blood. If you have any of these
- symptoms, see your physician without delay.
- Cancer is the rapid growth of what were once normal body cells. Lung
- cancer can take the form of a tumor (a lump of cancerous tissue) or may be
- spread out, with cancerous cells strewn among normal ones. A benign tumor
- contrasted with a cancer (or malignant growth) is one that essentially keeps
- to itself, but it may cause problems as it takes up space. A cancerous growth
- sends out cancer cells that grow elsewhere in the body in a process known as
- "metastasis" and is one of the reason early diagnosis and treatment is so
- important.
- There are many varieties of lung cancer and treatment for each varies,
- depending on where in the lung the tumor is and how advanced it is. The
- primary treatments for lung cancer are surgery, radiation and chemotherapy
- drugs.
- Surgery is used to remove as much cancerous tissue as possible, but if
- the patient is not in good enough shape to withstand an operation, surgery may
- not be an option. Radiation therapy may be also needed after surgery.
- Radiation kills fast-growing cells, such as cancer cells, but has the unwanted
- effect of killing some healthy cells also. Radiation is used for patients who
- have a disseminated type of cancer (one that is widely spread), since surgery
- simply can't get at and remove all these malignant cells. It can also be used
- after surgery, to destroy any cancer cells that may remain.
- The use of anticancer drugs, or chemotherapy, is usually reserved for a
- type of lung cancer known as small-cell lung cancer, which is a type that
- disseminates quickly and is usually well-advanced when it is detected.
- Anticancer drugs act similarly to radiation, in that they kill fast-growing
- cells. This is why a side effect of both radiation and chemotherapy is hair
- loss, since hair roots are cells that also grow quickly. Because many lung
- cancers are well-advanced by the time they are diagnosed, the percentages of
- people with this diagnosis who survive more than five years after diagnosis is
- certainly not as high as we all might wish for. This is a distressing
- situation that demands that we come up with improved early detection systems
- for lung cancer. The secret to increased survival lies in early detection
- techniques quickly followed by effective methods for treatment. The intensive
- campaign against smoking, which may annoy many uninformed people, must
- continue, to stop a major cause of cancer in the United States from remaining
- a hazard to life.
-
- ----------------
-
- The material contained here is "FOR INFORMATION ONLY" and should not replace
- the counsel and advice of your personal physician. Promptly consulting your
- doctor is the best path to a quick and successful resolution of any medical
- problem.
-
-